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家装材料污染最严重的是什么？

家装材料污染最严重的是什么？

浏览：39次 | 提问时间： 06-30 04:54

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4个答案

别辞离 06-30 04:55

看你用什么装修了，因为不同材质的装修材料会带来不同的污染源，比如窗帘，地板，家具，因为其中含有粘合剂会带来甲醛的污染，而地板砖会带来氡的污染，壁纸和其他装修物件可能会带来TVOC的污染。

池浅 06-30 05:03

造成室内空气污染的主要方面，油漆、胶合板、刨花板、泡沫填料、内墙涂料、塑料贴面等材料中含挥发性有机化合物(TVOC)，甲醛、氨、苯、甲苯、二甲苯、以及放射性气体氡等，特别是夹板类，，而且又以夹板类所使用的胶水挥发甲醛时间最长。甲醛的释放周期一般在3～15年，苯、甲苯、二甲苯等挥发性有机化合物释放的速度比较快，一般在7～45天，因此，装修后7天内一定不要入住，入住时如果闻到室内有显著的刺激性或芳香气味，最好是请有资质的室内环境监测机构进行空气污染检测，在证明达标是可以入住。新房入住后，由于室内的很多污染物质的挥发期较长，所以一定要有一个长期的治疗措施。各种空气污染物特性，来源、和危害：苯：一种无色、具有特殊芳香气味的液体。苯主要来自建筑装饰中大量使用的化工原料，如涂料、木器漆、胶粘剂及各种有机溶剂。在涂料的成膜和固化过程中，其中所含有的甲醛、苯类等可挥发成分会从涂料中释放，造成污染。危害; a.刺激作用　　甲醛的主要危害表现为对皮肤粘膜的刺激作用，甲醛是原浆毒物质，能与蛋白质结合、高浓度吸入时出现呼吸道严重的刺激和水肿、眼刺激、头痛。　　b.致敏作用：皮肤直接接触甲醛可引起过敏性皮炎、色斑、坏死，吸入高浓度甲醛时可诱发支气管哮喘。　　c.致突变作用：高浓度甲醛还是一种基因毒性物质。实验动物在实验室高浓度吸入的情况下，可引起鼻咽肿瘤、白血病等。甲醛：无色、具有强烈气味的刺激性气体。来源：各种人造板材(刨花板、纤维板、胶合板等)中由于使用了粘合剂，因而可含有甲醛。新式家具的制作，墙面、地面的装饰铺设，都要使用粘合剂。凡是大量使用粘合剂的地方，总会有甲醛释放。此外，某些化纤地毯、油漆涂料也含有一定量的甲醛。甲醛还可来自化妆品。化妆品、清洁剂、杀虫剂、消毒剂、防腐剂、印刷油墨、纸张、纺织纤维等多种化工轻工产品。危害： a.刺激作用　　甲醛的主要危害表现为对皮肤粘膜的刺激作用，甲醛是原浆毒物质，能与蛋白质结合、高浓度吸入时出现呼吸道严重的刺激和水肿、眼刺激、头痛。　　b.致敏作用：皮肤直接接触甲醛可引起过敏性皮炎、色斑、坏死，吸入高浓度甲醛时可诱发支气管哮喘。　　c.致突变作用：高浓度甲醛还是一种基因毒性物质。实验动物在实验室高浓度吸入的情况下，可引起鼻咽肿瘤、白血病等。挥发性有机化合物(TVOC):常温下蒸发的形式存在于空气中. 来源：室内的TVOC主要是由建筑材料、室内装饰材料及生活和办公用品等散发出来的。如建筑材料中的人造板、泡沫隔热材料、塑料板材；室内装饰材料中的油漆、涂料、粘合剂、壁纸、地毯；生活中用的化妆品、洗涤剂等；办公用品主要是指油墨、复印机、打字机等；　　此外，家用燃料及吸烟、人体排泄物及室外工业废气、汽车尾气、光化学污染也是影响室内总挥发性有机物(TVOC)含有量的主要因素。危害： TVOC能引起机体免疫水平失调，影响中枢神经系统功能，出现头晕、头痛、嗜睡、无力、胸闷等自觉症状；还可能影响消化系统，出现食欲不振、恶心等，严重时可损伤肝脏和造血系统，出现变态反应等。甲苯：常温下呈液体状，无色、易燃来源：使用甲苯的工厂、加油站，汽车尾气是主要污染源。城市空气中的甲苯，主要来自与汽油有关的排放及工业活动造成的溶剂损失和排放危害：健康危害：对皮肤、粘膜有刺激性，对中枢神经系统有麻醉作用。　　急性中毒：短时间内吸入较高浓度本品可出现眼及上呼吸道明显的刺激症状、眼结膜及咽部充血、头晕、头痛、恶心、呕吐、胸闷、四肢无力、步态蹒跚、意识模糊。重症者可有躁动、抽搐、昏迷。　　慢性中毒：长期接触可发生神经衰弱综合征，肝肿大，女工月经异常等。皮肤干燥、皲裂、皮炎。二甲苯：来源：主要来自于合成纤维、塑料、燃料、橡胶等，隐藏在油漆、各种涂料的添加剂以及各种胶粘剂、防水材料中，还可来自燃料和烟叶的燃烧。危害：二甲苯对眼及上呼吸道有刺激作用，高浓度时，对中枢系统有麻醉作用。急性中毒：短期内吸入较高浓度本品可出现眼及上呼吸道明显刺激症状、眼结膜及咽充血、头晕、头痛、恶心、胸闷、四肢无力、意识模糊、步态蹒跚。重者可有躁动、抽搐或昏迷。有的有癔病样发作。慢性影响：长期接触有神经衰弱综合症，女人有可能导致月经异常。皮肤接触常发生皮肤干燥、皲裂、皮炎。室内环境污染10大症状： 1.新装修的房间内有刺鼻、刺眼等刺激性气味，且长时间不散； 2.每天清晨起床时感到恶心憋闷、头晕目眩；家人经常感冒； 3.家人长期精神、食欲不振；不吸烟却经常感到嗓子不适，呼吸不畅； 4.家里孩子经常咳嗽、免疫力下降； 5.家人有群发性的皮肤过敏现象； 6.家人共有一种症状，且离家后症状明显好转； 7.新婚夫妇长期不孕，又查不出原因； 8.孕妇正常情况下怀孕却发现婴儿畸形； 9.新搬家或新装修的房子中植物不易成活； 10.家养宠物莫名其妙死掉。

我曾无药可救想和你在一起 06-30 05:11

造成室内空气污染的主要方面，油漆、胶合板、刨花板、泡沫填料、内墙涂料、塑料贴面等材料中含挥发性有机化合物(TVOC)，甲醛、氨、苯、甲苯、二甲苯、以及放射性气体氡等，特别是夹板类，，而且又以夹板类所使用的胶水挥发甲醛时间最长。

颠肺流离随你走 06-30 05:20

人造板材在生产加工时离不开胶合剂，使用了很多人造板材，因此甲醛严重超标，摆放家具的卧室内甲醛浓度更高。目前国内提倡绿色装潢，号召多选用实木材料，少用木工板、密度板等人造板材，目的就是减少甲醛污染。甲醛污染是家装最困扰的，所以材料在一定程度上选择好一点，会有效降低甲醛的污染

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