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设计阳台时都应该考虑哪些？

设计阳台时都应该考虑哪些？

浏览：37次 | 提问时间： 07-02 04:28

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Msssh未情 07-02 04:29

听装修师傅说过，栏杆的高度必须足够，应从“可踏部位表面”起计算　　栏杆的高度一定要求“净高”，要防止因地面材料做法加厚，造成栏杆安全高度实际降低的事故。栏杆的开始计算部位应从栏杆下部可踏部位起计，以确保安全高度。由于栏杆的做法很多，规范不可能对每种情况作出具体规定，并且规范只是规定出最低限度，设计人员和建设者应该考虑得周到些。以下几种情况如不采取措施，经常属于明显“可踏”：实心栏板与阳台反梁的交接处，低位实心栏板与空心栏杆的交接部位，低位水平空心栏杆；上人屋面女儿墙采用挑砖防水。　1、在低窗台附加栏杆，重外观效果更得重安全　　常见的低窗台距地0.5米左右，如果紧贴内墙增加0.4米栏杆或栅栏肯定达到规范要求的防护措施。但由于美观要求和利用窗台的需求，很多人喜欢将栏杆设在紧贴窗扇的位置，如果窗台台面太大，如凸窗等，小孩经常站在窗台上眺望，而且使用者也必须站到窗台上开启窗户，这时，附加在窗台上的栏杆本身高度应达到0.9米，如果窗台太低，住户往往会无意识攀登到窗台上，不宜简单附加低栏杆，否则危险是没有充分杜绝的。　2、以固定窗作为低窗台的防护措施时，仍有危险存在　　最近，采用低窗台或落地窗的住宅越来越多，有若干情况存在安全问题。如固定窗框强度不够，使用者轻趴在窗框上会导致玻璃破裂；落地窗仅用固定玻璃，没有必要的防护，儿童玩耍、椅子翻倒等正常活动会碰破玻璃，造成险情；在高层住宅的高层套型中采用落地窗时，如果没有必要的防护设施，老年人普遍反映外眺时眩晕。类似情况只要引起投诉，设计人员就要承担一定责任。同时，根据国外相关规范和我国部分地区标准，2001年5月1日起实施的中国工程建设标准化协会标准《斜屋顶下可居住空间技术规程》提出：“当斜屋顶窗的单块玻璃面积大于1．5平方米时，应采用安全玻璃”。因此，设计固定扇落地玻璃窗时，务必采取确实可行的安全防护措施。　3、封闭阳台的栏杆，不可采用窗台的高度　　关于阳台，《住宅设计规范》要求“栏杆净高不应低于1.05米。中高层、高层住宅的栏杆净高不应低于1.1米”。比窗台护栏要求0.9米高些。规范编制的初衷是，阳台往往三面临空，是全家向外眺望活动比较集中的地方，对栏杆的防护要求应该高些。近年来阳台封闭现象比较普遍，一些工程在设计阶段就按照封闭阳台设计，并认为封闭阳台的栏杆高度可按窗台要求降低。但在施工图审查或工程监理中经常引起争议。质检和监理部门明确认定阳台是阳台，窗户是窗户，指出如果将阳台当窗户，工程图中出现许多不能自圆其说的矛盾，比如面积计算、日照间距、窗地比指标等。一些工程设计虽然按封闭阳台设计，实施时仍然交给住户自行处理，引起事故或纠纷使设计者十分被动。所以应考虑到，封闭阳台并没有改变阳台三面临空，是全家向外眺望活动比较集中的地方等性质，并且阳台是否封闭应是住户自己的选择，目前封闭的阳台日后敞开的可能性完全存在，必要的安全防护措施不能减少或降低标准，因此封闭阳台的栏杆决不可采用窗台的高度。

放肆看什么看给本宫跪下 07-02 04:37

阳台是室内与室外之间的一个过渡空间，在设计内阳台时，主要考虑以下四点：(1)在封阳台时，窗口的下口最容易渗水，通常的做法是窗下延预留2厘米的空隙，然后用水泥填死，最好用专用的发泡剂密封。(2)窗台板最好选用石材做台面板，因为和木质窗台相比，石材具有防水、防晒、不开裂的特点。(3)阳台地面铺设与房间地面铺设一致可起到扩大空间的效果。(4)阳台吊顶有多种做法。葡萄架吊顶、彩绘玻璃吊顶、装饰假梁吊顶等等。阳台面积较小时，可以不用吊顶，以免产生向下的压迫感。

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