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中性线及保护接地线截面设计要求有哪些？

中性线及保护接地线截面设计要求有哪些？

浏览：42次 | 提问时间： 07-07 04:24

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4个答案

顾你安稳 07-07 04:25

1 、我国规定民用电压和家用电器电压均为220V，将变压器中心点接地后，如果有一相火线对地短路，未接地的两相火线对地电压仍为220V；如果中心点不接地，当发生上述接地短路时，未接地的两相火线对地电压将上升至380V；
2 、变压器中心点不接地后，人碰到电线将没有短路电流流过，对于小容量变压器来讲相对安全一些。但是还是有电容电流会流过接触到火线的人体的，变压器容量大了后，其供电电缆长度增大，电容电流增大，当流过人身的电流超过85mA，已足够使人心脏痉挛而死亡。所以，在大容量变压器供电时，中心点不接地并不能增加安全性。

大王叫我来巡山 07-07 04:33

个人觉得有以下几个方面：
1、中性截面的选择
2、保护接地线截面的选择
3、监控故障自动报警
希望我的回答可以帮助到你，望采纳！

夜未眠 07-07 04:42

(1)接地装置的连接应可靠，接地线应为整根或采用焊接。接地体与接地干线的连接应留有测定接地电阻的断开点，此点采用螺旋连接。
(2)接地线的焊接应采用搭接焊，其搭接长度；偏钢应为宽度的两倍，应有三个领边施焊；圆钢塔接长度为直径的六倍，应在二侧面施焊。焊缝应平直无间断，无夹渣和气泡，焊接部位在清理焊皮后应涂刷沥青防腐。
(3)无条件焊接的场所，可考虑用螺栓连接，但必须保证其界面面积；螺栓应采用防松垫圈及采用可靠的防锈措施。
(4)接地线与电气设备连接时，采用螺栓压接，每个电气设备都应单独与接地干线相连接，严禁在一条接地线上串接几个需要接地的设备。

我不该打扰你 07-07 04:50

中性线及保护接地线截面设计要求：
(1)地线的设计安全系数大于导线的设计安全系数。(设计规范强行要求)
(2)在+15℃、无风、无冰条件下，导线与地线在档距中央的间距应不小于0.012L+1m(L为档距)。(保证导地线在档中有一定的安全距离，从而保证地线对导线的防雷保护角)
(3)地线应满足热稳定的要求。(当线路发生故障时，地线上会通过很大的短路电流，使地线温度急剧升高，很可能导致地线损坏。因此，必需按热稳定的要求来选择地线)

1、地线类型的选择
常见地线类型有镀锌钢绞线、钢芯铝绞线、铝包钢绞线。镀锌钢绞线因为导电性能差，多用于以前的老线路，现在用的较少(我现在谈的多为110kV及以上架空输电线路)。钢芯铝绞线和铝包钢绞线使用起来差不多，但由于铝包钢绞线具有较好的防腐性能和过载能力，现在多采用铝包钢绞线。

2、地线“大小”的选择
“大”“小”是通俗的说法，指地线的拉断力、截面、重量，一般大导线能承受更大的荷载，允许短路电流更大，但单价更高、对杆塔荷载大。因此地线选择的目标就是在满足使用上述3点的前提下选择更小的地线。这是地线选择的主要内容。
那么如何选择更小的地线呢，首先需满足上述要求2中档中导地线距离的要求，小地线一般弧垂更大，选择太小的地线导地线净空距离会缩小。其次是计算地线的短路电流容量，所选地线的短路电流容量应大于单相短路电流。
因此地线选择的步骤实际上是初选一个地线型号后校验各档导地线配合和短路电流容量的过程。

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