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校门景观设计有哪些原则？

校门景观设计有哪些原则？

浏览：45次 | 提问时间： 07-10 10:10

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厌人心 07-10 10:11

①文化：每所校园都有自己的文化和历史，是一个学校的灵魂，进行景观设计时，要把握校园历史的延续，保留文化的部份，应适当地考虑将校园的文化、历史体现在校园的环境设计中。让师生在其中能感受到学校的文化气息。

　　②学习：景观设计的目的是为学生提供一个更加舒适的学习环境，比如在各教学楼、宿舍楼前进行绿地的设计，为在校人员提供一个或赏、或游、或学习的完美空间。

　　③交通：大学校园师生众多，一般人数都在一万以上，要让校园内的道路既能疏导交通，又能让穿越其中的师生感受经过设计的环境的美丽，尽量减少无效的道路设计，使得在校师生能更高效率的工作学习。

　　④休闲娱乐：在校生活是丰富多彩的，要让学生能够多方面方展，具备多方面的知识和技能。校园设计应考虑供学生、师生交流的场所和空间，像是彼得·沃克为哈佛大学设计的唐纳喷泉以一种非传统的形式表现喷泉景观，呈现四季的变化，深深扎根在人们的记忆中。

　　⑤生态发展：可持续、低耗能、生态环境是目前景观设计所追求的一个目标，也是校园环境设计应遵循的原则，生态的景观设计能保证校园环境的可持续发展。

　　⑥心理需求：我们通过道路、构筑物、植物的合理规划创造一个良好、和谐的校园环境，会让身处此环境中的人产生良好的视觉效果和心理联想，对校园中的人有着潜移默化的影响，身在其中的人犹如在大自然丛林中般，从而给师生带来内心的平静。

扰人安 07-10 10:19

(一)自然优化---生态保护原则
　　自然景观指受人类间接轻微的影响，而原有的自然面貌未发生明显变化的自然景观(例如：沙漠、雨林、河流、山川……)
　　自然景观资源包括原始自然保留地、历史文化遗迹、山体、坡地、森林、湖泊及大的植物板块，要绝对保护自然保留地和宝贵的历史文化遗迹。在保护的前提下，开发资源合理利用。只有这样，才能保证景观设计的可持续发展、连续利用。
　　(二)全面规划、分期实施，强调景观的整体优化原则
　　景观是一系列生态系统组成的有机整体，其景观序列是连续而完整的，景观系统具有功能上的整体性和连续性。规划时应保证其完整性，将其作为一个整体来考虑，同时根据资金状况、景观的保护需要，分期实施。
　　(三)景观的异质性原则
　　异质性本是系统或系统属性的变异程度，而对空间异质性的研究成为景观生态学别具特色的显著特征，它包括空间组成、空间型态和空间相关等内容。异质性同抗干扰能力、恢复能力、系统稳定性和生物多样性有密切关系，景观异质性程度高，有利于物种共生而不利于稀有内部种的生存。景观异质性也可理解为景观要素分布的不确定性。
　　(四)景观的尺度性原则
　　尺度是研究客体或过程的空间维和时间维，时空尺度的对应性、协调性和规律性是一重要特征。生态平衡与尺度性有着密切的联系，景观范围越大，自然界在动荡中表现出的与尺度有关的协调性越稳定。具体到景点设计，尺度性越发显现出来，比例协调、均衡，往往使景观、建筑与周围环境相得益彰，《园冶》所说的"精在体宜"正反映了这一点。

天冷致病心冷致命 07-10 10:28

1、寓教于乐：想必这不用说了。
2、人车分流：每个校园都是个小社区，对于学校管理来说，如何让学生不受外界太多干扰是很大问题，这里的人车不仅仅是交通的分流，所以景观设计必须去完善规划所没达到的。
3、开敞式：开放的学区空间，尽量不要私密空间。

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