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秸秆人造板生产线的基本流程是什么

秸秆人造板生产线的基本流程是什么

浏览：39次 | 提问时间： 07-30 09:50

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梦中梦 07-30 09:50

⒈胶合板由蒸煮软化的原木，旋切成大张薄片，然后将各张木纤维方向相互垂直放置，用耐水性好的*树脂胶粘结，再经加压、干燥、锯边、表面修整而成的板材。其层数成奇数，一般为3-13层，分别称三合板、五合板等。用来制作胶合板的树种有椴木、桦木、水曲柳、榉木、*、柳桉木等。⒉纤维板是将树皮、刨花、树枝等废料经破碎、浸泡、研磨成木浆，再经加压成型、干燥处理而制成的板材。因成型时温度和压力不同，可以分为硬质、半硬质、软质三种。⒊刨花板是利用施加或未施加胶料的木刨花或木纤维料压制成的板材。刨花板密度小、材质均匀，但易吸湿、强度低。⒋细木工板利用木材*过程中产生的边角废料，经整形、刨光施胶、拼接、贴面而成的一种人造板材。板芯一般采用充分干燥的短小木条，板面采用单层薄木或胶合板。细木工板不仅是一种综合利用木材的有效措施，而且得到的板材构造均匀、尺寸稳定、幅面较大、厚度较大。除作表面装饰外，亦可兼做构造材料。⒌其他关于人造板制作工艺的解说版本及新兴工艺：人造板所用原料，除胶合板需用原木外，大部分来自采伐和*剩余物，以及小径材（直径在8厘米以下）。经破碎或削片、再碎后制成的片状、条状、针状、粒状材料可用于刨花板*。木片经纤维分离后用于纤维板*。这样可使木材利用率较传统利用方式提高20～25%。70年代开始注意利用树皮、木屑作人造板原料，但树皮只能用在刨花板中层，用量不能超过8%，否则会降低产品强度。此外，非木质材料也日益受到重视，除蔗渣、麻秆、等在人造板生产中早已被利用外，已扩大到多种植物茎秆及*壳皮。各种人造板的*过程都包括下述5个主要工艺。切削*原材料处理和产品最终*，都要应用切削工艺，如单板的旋切、刨切，木片、刨花的切削，纤维的研磨分离，以及最终*中的锯截、砂磨等。将木材切削成不同形状的单元，按一定方式重新组合为各种板材，可以改善木材的某些性质，如各向异性、不均质性、湿胀及干缩性等。大单元组成的板材力学强度较高，小单元组成的板材均质性较好。精确控制旋切单板的厚度误差，可提高出材率2～3%。切削出的刨花形态影响刨花板的全部物理力学性能；纤维形态对纤维板的强度同样有密切关系。板材最终的锯切、磨削等也影响产品的规格质量。干燥，包括单板干燥、刨花干燥、干法纤维板工艺中的纤维干燥，及湿法纤维板的热处理。干燥的工艺和过程控制与成材干燥有所不同。成材干燥的过程控制是以干燥介质的相对湿度为准，必须注意防止干燥应力的产生；而人造板所用片状、粒状材料的干燥则是在相对高温、高速和连续化条件下进行的，加热阶段终了立即转入减速干燥阶段。单板及刨花等材料薄，表面积大，干燥应力的影响甚小或者不存在。加之在切削过程中木材组织发生不同程度的松弛，水分扩散阻力小，木材内部水分扩散规律对单板、刨花等就失去意义。

戚戚少女尚不识忧伤 07-30 09:59

人造板板生产线是指用旋切机将原木旋成单板，再将单板按纤维方向互相垂直排列胶合、压制而成的一种胶合板。人造板是建筑模板、室内装潢、各式家具、办公用品、组合音箱、包装布展等行业广泛应用的理想产品。胶合板生产线根据其工艺流程分：旋切机、单板干燥机、涂胶机、预压机、热压机、纵横锯边机、砂光机等。

我叫柠七 07-30 10:07

(1 )胶粘剂问题.秸秆入造板生产中基本采用异**酯胶粘剂(MDI)该胶粘剂具有胶合强度高用胶量低可在高含水率下胶合等优点美中不足的是价格昂贵造成产品单位成本升高.异**酯胶粘剂还存在另外一个缺点J卩桩热压过程中会有粘板现象.目前中国企业界主要通过以下四种方式来解决粘板问题 (.)使用表面涂聚四氟乙*材料的垫板或将不粘涂料直接涂在垫板上; (b)采用内脱模剂或者外脱模剂; (c)在表面覆以隔离层(纸及施加传统脲醛树脂的刨花或纤维)板坯热压后再通过砂光把隔离层去除; (d)在表面覆以一定量的施加脲醛树脂的木刨花或木纤维芯层为施加异**酯树脂的秸秆原料制成三层结构板.最新的结果表明将麦桔或稻草首先经过喷蒸热处理继而再用纤维解离设备将秸秆高度分离尽可能使秸秆原料呈纤维状将秸秆表面含有不利于胶合的物质有效分散然后经过干燥再施加一定量的脲醛树脂胶可以使板材获得比较理想的胶合性能.南京林业*研究人员分别以麦草和稻草进行纤维解离或原料破碎得到秸秆纤维和刨花施加脲醛树脂胶粘剂后制成的中密度纤维板或碎料板产品性能可望符合中国有关标准的要求.如果用生物技术方法对秸秆进行表面脱蜡处理处理后的秸秆用脲醛树胜胶进行胶合也取得了比较理想的试验结果[][] (2)秸秆人造板表面*问题.因为所有植物纤维人造板共同存在的问题是表面较平淡需表面*.如果进行二次*特别要注意创新既要考虑工艺简单又要考虑到经济济成本.(3)秸秆人造板中设备定型问题.秸秆碎料*后秸秆存在粗细度问题.根据研究报道其会影响板材强度江~叫.那么在铺装、干燥设备上也应改进要根据不同产量研制不不同的成套设备.这样才能保证产品质量.(4)秸秆人造板质量标准的制定问题.因为制板利用的原料不同木材纤维与秸秆纤维有差异使用对象不同质量标准也应有所区别.

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