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请问和田玉设计的基本原则有哪些

请问和田玉设计的基本原则有哪些

浏览：35次 | 提问时间： 08-03 08:44

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胆小鬼 08-03 08:45

新，即标立新意。在优质玉料的基础上，构思巧妙，设计独特，富有创意，能够给人以耳目一新的视觉表现力。　　奇，即选料构思奇特。雕刻者能够根据玉料的形态和材质，因材施艺，构思上能够以巧出其奇，尽可能的展现出玉料的特色之美。　　特，即特色特点。如今新玉器分别具有不同的派别，它们都有着自己的设计风格，而消费者根据自己的喜爱来决定选择玉器，所以说新玉的风格也是十分重要的一点。

走向你 08-03 08:54

你好，设计原则如下：1，挖脏去绺和物尽其用这似乎是相矛盾的。一方面，精美的玉器，决不允许带有大裂，“棉”、“线”、“砂心”、“砂包”等毛病，因此，一块玉料在准备使用之前，大都要经过挖脏除绺这一步，事先就把玉料上含有的瑕疵尽可能除掉，力求把产品做的尽善尽美。另一方面，玉料又是十分珍贵的，而且不带一点瑕疵的玉料并不多见，因此对玉料挖脏去绺，又必须考虑要尽可能少伤活着不伤玉料，力求物尽其用，不让宝贵的玉料轻易地浪费掉。是挖脏去绺，还是掩脏遮绺，巧用脏绺，要根据具体情况，灵活把握呵运用。2.小料做大和宁小勿大以小块料做大件活是玉器设计上的另一个要求，这一点早已深入人心，为玉器行业所肯定。小料做大的手法很多，常见的是一种把玉料的实体做大，如一些带链子的产品，通过玉链把作品拉长，同时做到一料多用，集两种活或多种造型于一身；另一种是“集活”法，就是充分利用玉料外*廓的高点，在玉料上尽可能多而巧妙地安排些活，做到以活挤活，活上摞活，使其产生一种图面要比玉料实际大得多的感觉。对于玉器，特别是语气器皿，在设计上又要求宁小勿大。因为这类产品，不仅对尺寸的要求有一套严格的规范，而且对玉料的要求也极其严格，一般不许带有任何毛病，所以选料时多半只取玉料的完好部位，其余的都要尽可能除掉。而在设计花卉、鸟*和人物产品时，这方面的要求就宽松多了，往往只要求在产品的重要部位（如人的头脸、手臂部位，鹤鸟的长颈和嘴脚等部位）不带脏绺就可以了。3，显工显活与章法要求显工显活的意思是说一件玉料难得，因此设计一件玉雕产品，都应当多设计一些造型和纹饰，不要因为玉器简单而使人觉得“单薄”，那就“委屈”那块料了。对一件玉器要求显工显活这是对的，但同时，要注意防止一种认识上的片面性，只顾显工显活，在一件玉器上面堆砌许多的造型和纹饰，让人看得眼花缭乱，产生一种杂乱无章的感觉，其效果往往会适得其反。显工显活，回避不了客观效果的检验，一定要做的恰到好处，要讲究艺术章法，造型图案和艺术画面要有主有次，主次分明，要有疏有密，疏密得当，要有层次，有*感，有静有动等。总之，显工显活的设计，不是随心所*，蛮干乱来的，一定要注意章法，要考虑艺术效果，经济效益，不要做即费工又不讨好的事情。4，因材施艺与按需用料因材施艺，指的是对具有不同工艺特征的玉料采取机动灵活的设计方案和尽可能完美的艺术形式。要做到这一点，设计时必须突出天然玉材所固有的特点。如有的玉材在颜色、光泽、透明度、质地等方面均达到了“完美”，而另外许多玉料却仅在某一方面很美（如颜色美或者透明度美）。这时设计者就必须机动灵活地区别对待，从而使其最美之处体现在于其最重要和最显眼的位置上，或在整个玉器中占有最大的体积，使人一见便知。这种设计属于特色突出、主题鲜明的设计，当然可视为最佳设计。因材施艺是我国历代艺人在设计和制作中的实践总结，它既指出了玉器在创作上不同于其他艺术形式的显著特点，更重要的是指出了玉器的造型设计必须根据玉料的特性来进行，同时，玉器既是艺术品，又是商品，价值规律对它起着重要的作用，因材施艺，就能做到用料得当，省工省料，使作品的艺术效果和经济效益得到统一。

叶薇 08-03 09:02

1.整体的设计要根据和田玉原石的性质、形态、颜色等方面根据玉石的样式来取材，这样才能够达到剜脏去绺，因材施艺的效果。2.受到了我国玉文化的影响，和田玉设计的题材多是以动感、自然、鲜活为主，体现出和田玉玉石的高贵以及自然之感。3.和田玉玉器的造型优美、形象设计*真自然，整体的设计布局合理，章法疏密得当，层次分明，能够最大限度将玉石的艺术价值展现出来。

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