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建筑通用厂房设计规范有什么要求？

建筑通用厂房设计规范有什么要求？

浏览：42次 | 提问时间： 08-03 08:45

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扰人心 08-03 08:46

1、满足生产工艺要求　　这是确定工业建筑设计方案的基本出发点。与工业建筑有关的工艺要求是：①流程。直接影响各工段、各部门平面的次序和相互关系。②运输工具和运输方式。与厂房平面、结构类型和经济效果密切相关。③生产特点。如散发大量余热和烟尘，排出大量*、碱等腐蚀物质或有毒、易燃、易爆气体，以及有温度、湿度、防尘、*等卫生要求等。2、合理选择结构形式根据生产工艺要求和材料、施工条件，选择适宜的结构体系。钢筋混凝土结构材料易得,施工方便，耐火耐蚀,适应面广，可以预制，也可现场浇注，为中国目前的单层和多层厂房所常用。钢结构则多用在大跨度、大空间或振动较大的生产车间，但要采取防火、防腐蚀措施。最好采用工业化体系建筑，以节省投资、缩短工期。3、保证良好的生产环境①有良好的采光和照明。一般厂房多为自然采光（见工业建筑采光），但采光均匀度较差。如纺织厂的精纺和织布车间多为自然采光，但应解决日光直射问题。如果自然采光不能满足工艺要求，则采用人工照明（见工业建筑照明）。②有良好的通风。如采用自然通风，要了解厂房内部状况（散热量、热源状况等）和当地气象条件，设计好排风通道。某些散发大量余热的热*和有粉尘的车间(如铸造车间)应重点解决好自然通风问题。③控制噪声。除采取一般降噪措施外，还可设置隔声间。④对于某些在温度、湿度、洁净度、无菌、防微振、电磁屏蔽、防辐射等方面有特殊工艺要求的车间，则要在工业建筑平面、结构以及空气调节等方面采取相应措施。⑤要注意厂房内外整体环境的设计，包括色彩和绿化等。4、合理布置用房生活用房包括存衣间、厕所、盥洗室、淋浴室、保健站、餐室等，布置方式按生产需要和卫生条件而定。车间行政管理用房和一些空间不大的生产辅助用房，可以和生活用房布置在一起。5、总平面布置这是工业建筑设计的首要环节。在厂址选定后，总平面布置应以生产工艺流程为依据，确定全厂用地的选址和分区、工厂总体平面布局和竖向设计，以及公用设施的配置，运输道路和管道网路的分布等。此外，生产经营管理用房和全厂职工生活、福利设施用房的安排也属于总平面布置的内容。解决生产过程中的污染问题和保护环境质量也是总平面布置必须考虑的。总平面布置的关键是合理地解决全厂各部分之间的分隔和联系，从发展的角度考虑全局问题。总平面布置涉及面广，因素复杂，常采用多方案比较或运用计算机辅助设计方法，选出最佳方案。

你怎知我情深 08-03 08:54

⑴厂房的建筑设计是在工艺设计人员提出的工艺设计图的基础上进行的，建筑设计应首先适应生产工艺要求；⑵厂房中的生产设备多，体量大，各部分生产联系密切，并有多种起重运输设备通行，厂房内部应有较大的通敞空间；⑶厂房宽度一般较大，或对多跨厂房，为满足室内、通风的需要，屋顶上往往设有天窗；⑷厂房屋面防水、排水构造复杂，尤其是多跨厂房；⑸单层厂房中，由于跨度大，屋顶及吊车荷载较重，多采用钢筋砼排架结构承重；在多层厂房中，由于荷载较大，广泛采用钢筋砼骨架结构承重；特别高大的厂房或地震烈度高的地区厂房宜采用钢骨架承重；⑹厂房多采用预制构件装配而成，各种设备和管线安装施工复杂。

心悸命^ 08-03 09:02

1、厂房设计必须贯彻执行*的有关方针政策，做到技术先进、经济合理、安全适用、确保质量，符合节约能源和环境保护的要求。2、适用于新建和改建、扩建的厂房设计，但不适用于以细菌为控制对象的生物洁净室。规范有关防火和疏散、消防设施章节的规定，不适用于建筑高度超过24米的高层厂房和地下厂房的设计。3、在利用原有建筑进行洁净技术改造时，厂房设计必须根据生产工艺要求，因地制宜、区别对待，充分利用已有的技术设施。4、厂房设计应为施工安装、维护管理、测试和安全运行创造必要的条件。5、厂房设计除应按本规范执行外，尚应符合现行的*标准、规范的有关要求。6、厂房是由*一栋建筑物(车间)，和*一栋建筑物(宿舍)，两栋建筑物之间距离标准是10米，最近不得少于5米，以便消验收合格。建筑物的占地面积与建筑面积的比例是1：3。

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