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怎么做好楼梯间照明设计？

怎么做好楼梯间照明设计？

浏览：41次 | 提问时间： 08-07 02:43

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带泪的鱼 08-07 02:43

走廊和楼梯间作为建筑物内平时人员流动和应急疏散时的通道，是建筑物必不可少的组成部分。作为一个人员流动而非长期工作或停留的场所，人们对走廊和楼梯间照明的要求不高，“亮一点，暗一点都无所谓”。设计人员在布灯时往往是凭感觉布几个灯，很少仔细斟酌照度够不够。另一方面，由于灯具厂家不能提供灯具的配光曲线或相关的技术*，因此也缺乏基本的计算条件。这样凭感觉布灯的后果往往是实际情况与规范的要求有很大的差距，而走廊和楼梯间应急照明的照度是强制性条文的要求，必须谨慎对待。笔者认为有必要探讨走廊和楼梯间的照明设计问题，希望通过具代表性的案例，得到一些普遍适用的结论。走廊和楼梯间的照明设计是建筑物照明设计一个不可或缺的组成部分，应与建筑物整体的功能或使用性质相协调。同其它室内照明一样，其所提供的视觉环境不仅要满足生理的要求，也要满足心理要求，应根据具体情况选用恰当的照明方式。在走廊上按结构梁的分隔布置吸顶灯。这种方式在工程设计中最常采用。适用于宿舍、公寓等居住建筑或工业、教学、办公场所、科研类建筑的楼梯间或走廊上，特别是外走廊上。吸顶灯具配备有防尘垫圈，密封性能好，能避免小飞虫进入灯罩，适用于外走廊风尘和蚊虫较多的地方。这种照明方式的照度水平不高，但造价低。正规厂家生产的这类灯具，其灯罩选用的材料透光性能良好，且光线柔和，不易变色，灯具的效率较高，可以取得较好的效果。设计时应尽量选用优质产品。此种布灯方式，可以采用点照度计算法计算照度值。采用嵌入式筒灯。这种方式适用于有吊顶的宿舍、公寓等居住建筑或宾馆、酒店或其它康乐场所的走廊和楼梯间内。嵌入式筒灯的光源一般采用暖色调小功率节能灯管，用于营造温馨、安祥或浪漫的气氛，以便能与建筑物的整体功能相协调。由于筒灯灯杯的深浅宽窄不同，筒灯又分为立式筒灯和卧式筒灯，每一种形式又有多种样式，配光曲线各异，一般属于窄配光或中配光的灯具。设计选用时应注意灯具的距高比，避免走廊上照度不均匀有明显的光斑存在。以吊顶高度距地2.5 m 为例，一般来说，中配光型灯的布灯间距为1. 75 ～ 2. 5 m，窄配光型灯的布灯间距为1. 25 ～ 1. 75m。此布灯方式，可以采用点照度计算法计算照度值。采用盒式荧光灯吸顶安装或格栅式荧光灯嵌顶均匀布置。此种方式的照度较高，适用于办公、科研、教学类建筑的内走廊（外走廊宜采用密闭防尘型），用以营造明亮高效的照明环境。采用利用系数法可以很方便地计算出走廊和楼梯间的平均照度。除了上述三种方式，有些特殊建筑物的走廊还应考虑特殊的需要。如*院病房楼的走廊照明设计就有特殊的要求。“走廊照明应与其相邻房间的照明相协调，使人们通过走廊进入房间时不会感到有太大的照度差异，因此，走廊的照度不应低于病房照度的70%同时还应注意夜间灯光不能射入病室内，影响病人休息。灯具应布置在两病室之间，不应布置在正对门和门上方的位置。夜间使用走廊地脚夜灯，光源应采用白光LED或使用不影响病房的顶灯。走廊内的灯具宜布置在走廊的侧面，以避免对躺在病员推车上的病员通过走廊时产生眩光的烦躁感。”所以，走廊和楼梯间应根据建筑物的使用功能，采用恰当的布灯方式。

Exstence刺 08-07 02:52

楼梯的照明多采用建筑化照明、发光灯槽、吸顶或嵌顶灯具。楼梯间采用的灯具外观设计和灯光选择也必须符合酒店本身的装修风格和文化特征。楼梯间照明灯具的光源可以选用节能灯，LED节能灯等，并且适合采用智能控制系统，LED灯具更加符合酒店走廊照明光源的选择。

大长腿 08-07 03:00

楼梯的自然采光尤为重要，很多大厦对于楼梯自然采光没有考虑周全，白天都很难有充足的阳光照射进来。如果自然采光不能满足楼梯必备要求，那么需要设计必备的照明设施，灯是必不可少的设备。通常楼梯在夜间都会有感应灯，为了节省能源都会采用吸光灯作为照明的主要设施。无论选择何种灯作为楼梯的照明设施都需要包装楼道有充足的光亮度。

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